std::partition_point

Defined in header `<algorithm>`
	(1)
template< class ForwardIt, class UnaryPredicate > ForwardIt partition_point( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, UnaryPredicate p );		(since C++11) (until C++20)
template< class ForwardIt, class UnaryPredicate > constexpr ForwardIt partition_point( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, UnaryPredicate p );		(since C++20)

Examines the partitioned (as if by std::partition) range [first, last) and locates the end of the first partition, that is, the first element that does not satisfy p or last if all elements satisfy p.

Parameters

first, last	-	the partitioned range of elements to examine
p	-	unary predicate which returns true for the elements found in the beginning of the range. The expression p(v) must be convertible to bool for every argument `v` of type (possibly const) `VT`, where `VT` is the value type of `ForwardIt`, regardless of value category, and must not modify `v`. Thus, a parameter type of VT&is not allowed, nor is VT unless for `VT` a move is equivalent to a copy (since C++11).
Type requirements
- `ForwardIt` must meet the requirements of LegacyForwardIterator.
- `UnaryPredicate` must meet the requirements of Predicate.

Return value

The iterator past the end of the first partition within [first, last) or last if all elements satisfy p.

Complexity

Given N = std::distance(first, last), performs $O(log N)$ applications of the predicate p.

However, for non-LegacyRandomAccessIterators, the number of iterator increments is $O(N)$ .

Notes

This algorithm is a more general form of std::lower_bound, which can be expressed in terms of std::partition_point with the predicate [&](auto const& e) { return e < value; });.

Example

Run this code

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
 
int main()
{
    std::array<int, 9> v = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
 
    auto is_even = [](int i){ return i % 2 == 0; };
    std::partition(v.begin(), v.end(), is_even);
 
    auto p = std::partition_point(v.begin(), v.end(), is_even);
 
    std::cout << "Before partition:\n    ";
    std::copy(v.begin(), p, std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
    std::cout << "\nAfter partition:\n    ";
    std::copy(p, v.end(), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
}

Output:

Before partition:
    8 2 6 4 
After partition:
    5 3 7 1 9

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